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All about private Limited

Incorporating a Private Limited Company (Pvt. Ltd.) in India involves several legal and procedural steps as per the Companies Act, 2013. Below is a step-by-step guide detailing the process, required documents, and key considerations.

✅ 1. Basic Requirements for a Pvt. Ltd. Company

  • Minimum Directors: 2 (at least one must be an Indian resident)

  • Maximum Directors: 15

  • Minimum Shareholders: 2

  • Maximum Shareholders: 200

  • Registered Office Address: Mandatory at the time of incorporation

✅ 2. Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)

All directors and subscribers to the Memorandum of Association (MoA) and Articles of Association (AoA) must obtain a DSC.

  • Apply through certifying authorities (e.g., eMudhra, Sify, NSDL)

  • Documents required:

    • PAN card

    • Aadhaar card

    • Passport-sized photo

    • Email and mobile number

Time: 1–2 days

✅ 3. Director Identification Number (DIN)

DIN can be obtained through the SPICe+ Form (explained later) for new directors.

If the individual already has a DIN, it can be used.

✅ 4. Name Approval through RUN or SPICe+

You must reserve a unique company name via:

  • SPICe+ Part A (preferred method) OR

  • RUN (Reserve Unique Name) service on the MCA portal

Criteria:

  • Unique

  • Not similar to an existing company or trademark

  • Should end with "Private Limited"

Tip: Check name availability via MCA Name Search and Trademark Search

✅ 5. Filing SPICe+ Form (Simplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically Plus)

🔹 SPICe+ is divided into two parts:

  • Part A: Name reservation

  • Part B: Incorporation, DIN allotment, PAN, TAN, GST, EPFO, ESIC, bank account opening

📄 Documents Required:

For Company:

  • MOA (Memorandum of Association)

  • AOA (Articles of Association)

For Directors/Shareholders:

  • PAN card (mandatory for Indian nationals)

  • Passport (for foreign nationals)

  • Aadhaar/Driving license/Voter ID

  • Address proof (bank statement, utility bill—recent)

  • Passport-size photo

  • Consent to act as director (Form DIR-2)

For Registered Office:

  • Rent agreement (if rented)

  • Utility bill (electricity/water/telephone – recent)

  • NOC from owner

✅ 6. Stamp Duty & Filing Fees

Automatically calculated during SPICe+ form submission based on:

  • Authorized capital

  • State of registration

Payment: Online via MCA portal

✅ 7. Certificate of Incorporation (COI)

Upon verification and approval, the Registrar of Companies (RoC) issues the Certificate of Incorporation containing:

  • CIN (Company Identification Number)

  • PAN & TAN (auto-generated)

Time: 25–30 working days
Status tracking: Via MCA Services

✅ 8. Post-Incorporation Compliances

  • Apply for a company bank account (often done via SPICe+)

  • Appointment of auditor within 30 days

  • Hold the first board meeting

  • Issue share certificates to subscribers

  • Maintain statutory registers

  • File INC-20A (Declaration of Commencement of Business) within 180 days.

📌 Optional Registrations (based on activity)

  • GST registration (mandatory if turnover exceeds threshold or for inter-state trade)

  • Import Export Code (IEC) if involved in export/import

  • Professional Tax Registration (required in some states)

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